The light brown apple moth (LBAM) of Australia is a recent invasive pest to California. Further research is needed to verify the use of F1 hybrid sterility in light brown apple moth SIT programs. Our data also suggests that inclusion of F1 hybrid sterility rather than parental generation sterility into programs using the SIT may allow for doses lower than what we have reported, especially during initial phases of an eradication program where increase fitness of moths might be desirable. postvittana adults used for sterile insect technique (SIT) if sterility of parental moths is the desired outcome. Based on our results, a dose of 250-300 Gy is recommended for irradiation of E.

The F2 generation from those male progeny had a mean percent hatched of < 1.02%. Males irradiated at 250 and 300 Gy had very low egg eclosion rates (2.25 and 1.86% at 250 and 300 Gy, respectively) when mated with normal females. In particular, there was no survival of female progeny into the F1 generation. Viable progeny (determined by egg hatch) were found at doses of 100 and 200 Gy, but very little at 250 and 300 Gy. postvittana were irradiated at 100, 200, 250, and 300 Gy and their fertility (when crossed with normal moths) was compared with nonirradiated moths. The need for new socially acceptable tools for eradication in urban environments is likely to increase because of increasing need for eradications.Īdult Epiphyas postvittana Walker were irradiated using a Cobalt 60 source to determine the dose needed to achieve complete egg sterility of mated female moths, and egg sterility of female moths mated to F1 generation males. Eradication requires a major increase in the communication distance between individuals, but this can be achieved using sex pheromone-based mating disruption technology, which is very benign and suitable for sensitive environments. Eradication programs are following an upward trend with globalization and the spread of invasive arthropods, which are often first detected in urban areas.

The treatment with pheromone reduced catch to virgin females by 86% (P < 0.001) and reduced the occurrence of mating by 93%, compared with three equivalent untreated control plot catches (P < 0.001). Catches of male moths were similar among all plots before treatment, but in treated areas (six replicates) pheromone trap catches were substantially reduced for up to 29 wk posttreatment, compared with untreated control plot catches (three replicates).

The pheromone technology was applied manually at ∼1.5 m height to street and garden trees, scrubs, and walls at 500 dollops per hectare of 0.8 g containing ∼80 mg active two- component pheromone. We investigated mating disruption of a model moth species recently targeted for eradication in Californian cities, by applying dollops of SPLAT releasing a two-component sex pheromone of the light brown apple moth in 2-ha plots in low-density residential Perth, Australia. However, it may not be able to achieve the probit9 quarantine level of control and the treatment was safe to most of the cut flower species.Įradication technologies are needed for urban and suburban situations, but may require different technologies from pest management in agriculture. The study demonstrated that oxygenated phosphine fumigation is effective against light brown apple moth eggs. However, oxygenated phosphine fumigations with carbon dioxide and ethylene absorbents did not reduce the injury to gerbera daisy, indicating that it is likely that phosphine may directly cause the injury to gerbera daisy cut flowers. A simulation of fumigation in hermetically sealed fumigation chambers with gerbera daisy showed significant accumulations of carbon dioxide and ethylene by the end of 72-h sealing. A 96-h fumigation treatment with 2,200 ppm phosphine of eggs on chrysanthemums cut flowers also did not achieve complete control of light brown apple moth eggs. The treatment was safe to all cut flowers except gerbera daisy. Egg mortalities of 99.7–100% were achieved among the cut flower species. Egg mortality and postharvest quality of cut flowers were determined after fumigation.

Five cut flower species: roses, lilies, tulips, gerbera daisy, and pompon chrysanthemums, were fumigated in separate groups with 2,500 ppm phosphine for 72 h at 5☌. Light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), eggs were subjected to oxygenated phosphine fumigation treatments under 70% oxygen on cut flowers to determine efficacy and safety.

Roller splat level 250